upstream

Definition: “Shale gas” is the name given to natural gas accumulation is locked in tiny bubble-like pockets within layered sedimentary rock such as shale.  Comment: “Shale gas” is usually found in compact, low-permeability rocks deep beneath the surface. Reserves of this gas are very substantial and well distributed over the globe: they are estimated to represent […]

 Today the Marcellus Shale gas field in USA is considered with its 500 trillion cuf gas reserves as the second biggest gas field in the World after… the North field in Offshore Qatar. Many companies are operating in this field covering  the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia, USA. Among the key […]

Definition: In the Oil & Gas and Petrochemical sector, “Midstream” refers to all the phase of transportation from the production locations to the transformation locations. Typically, by “Midstream” we should understand pipelines, vessels and all types of carriers such as trains or trucks. With the evolution of the gas to wire technology (GTW) we should […]

Definition:  “Upstream” refers to the flow of oil or gas coming up from the reservoir to the surface. By extension “Upstream” has been adopted by the Oil & Gas industry to nominate all activities to pump up the oil and gas. It starts from the exploration to find new reserves onshore or offshore, covers all […]

Definition:  The “NOC” acronym means “National Oil Companies” and refers to the local oil producing companies owned by their respective government. Therefore there are nearly as many “NOCs” as countries in the world, but the most famous ones are: Saudi Aramco, Gazprom, Statoil, Petrochina, Sinopec, Petrobras, ADNOC, Qatar Petroleum, etc…. Comment:  Historically the “NOCs” used […]